多地警方开出首张反诈罚单 中国全链条纵深打击电诈******
中新社北京1月11日电 题:多地警方开出首张反诈罚单 中国全链条纵深打击电诈
中新社记者 郭超凯
反电信网络诈骗法施行以来,近期上海、沈阳、韶关等中国多地警方纷纷开出首张反诈行政罚单,对电诈犯罪活动形成强有力震慑,全链条纵深打击电诈。
多地开出首张反诈行政罚单
加大惩治力度,填补以往打击治理电诈工作中行政处罚措施的缺位,正是反电诈法的亮点之一。
去年12月1日,反电诈法正式实施当天,广东韶关公安便对为电诈分子架设通信设备的嫌疑人黄某,开出新法施行后广东省首张反诈行政罚单,对黄某处以没收违法所得6000元(人民币,下同)、罚款1.2万元的处理。截至12月17日,广东警方共适用新法行政处罚633人。
连日来,多地警方纷纷开出当地首张反诈行政罚单:上海警方对3名为电诈团伙搭建涉诈话务窝点的“90后”开出首份罚单;山东潍坊警方对一起非法出借电话卡案件开出1万元罚单;辽宁沈阳警方处罚为电诈团伙提供微信账号的刘某,打响了当地反诈行政处罚“第一枪”……
记者梳理发现,各地警方开出的行政罚单,主要针对组织、策划、实施、参与电信网络诈骗活动或者为电信网络诈骗活动提供帮助但尚不构成犯罪的,非法制造、买卖、使用GOIP、猫池等软件设备或是非法买卖、出租、出借电话卡、银行账户、支付账户和互联网账号等为实施电信网络诈骗活动提供支持或帮助的,以及提供实名核验帮助和假冒身份开卡开户等违法行为。
山东潍坊青州市公安局反电信网络诈骗大队中队长庞伟告诉中新社记者,警方的行政罚单不仅针对为电诈活动提供帮助的行为,也会针对那些情节轻微尚不构成犯罪的组织、策划、实施、参与电诈活动的违法人员。
北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院教授袁彬表示,电信网络诈骗是财产性违法犯罪,震慑电信网络诈骗团伙必然要提高其违法成本、降低其犯罪收益。开具行政罚单、提高罚款的倍比,有助于更好地处罚违法犯罪,并通过提高违法成本,扼杀他们从事电诈的念头。
填补“漏洞”,全链条打击电诈
2022年前11个月,全国共破获电信网络诈骗案件39.1万起,同比上升5.7%,抓获犯罪嫌疑人数同比上升64.4%。近年来,电信网络诈骗已成为案发较多、上升较快、民众反映较强烈的犯罪类型,呈现出“产业化分布、集团化运作、精细化分工、跨境式布局”的特点。
多年来,电诈产业已衍生出一条完整的黑灰产业链,从上游为电诈团伙提供技术工具、收集个人信息等,到中游实施诈骗,再到下游利用支付通道“洗白”资金,涉及电信、金融、互联网等多个行业。
反电诈法施行前,公安机关在打击电诈过程中存在法律衔接不足的问题,若违法犯罪行为未达到刑事处罚标准,公安机关往往只能将涉案人员教育后释放。比如,被电诈分子雇佣来“洗钱”的“卡农”,以往只要涉案金额不高,“卡农”就很难被惩处;反电诈法实施后,这个“漏洞”终于被堵上。
庞伟指出,反电诈法在打击惩治电诈犯罪及关联犯罪的刑事责任方面,与刑法的规定相衔接;尚不构成犯罪的行为,可以依照该法相关规定作出行政处罚。
在外界看来,反电诈法的出台,让各部门的反诈工作有法可依,更在刑事责任、行政责任、民事责任和惩戒措施方面,对电诈犯罪分子进行“量身定制”的惩处。
事实上,除了对境内电诈重拳出击以外,这部“小切口”的法律也为打击跨境电诈提供法律支撑。
随着打击力度持续加大,电诈犯罪在国内生存空间被大大挤压,不少电诈犯罪团伙已经转移到境外。这一变化进一步加大了警方打击的难度和成本。
对此,反电诈法专门作出规定:对前往电信网络诈骗活动严重地区的人员,出境活动存在重大涉电信网络诈骗活动嫌疑的,移民管理机构可以决定不准其出境;国务院公安部门等会同外交部门加强国际执法司法合作。这为公安机关等相关部门打击治理跨国电信网络诈骗提供了重要法律依据。
在庞伟看来,反电诈法将公安机关在反诈工作中形成的一些制度和做法上升为法律规定,夯实了各方责任,让警方打击治理和防范工作更加有法可依,为全链条纵深打击电诈以及上下游关联违法犯罪方面提供根本的法律保证,起到良好的惩治效果。(完)
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)